Osova
Rivne district, Rivne region
Sources:
- Jewish encyclopedia of Brockhaus & Efron
- Russian Jewish encyclopedia. Translated from Russian by Eugene Snaider
- The volost's and the most important settlements of European Russia. Edition of the Central Statistical Committee. The provinces of Little Russia and Southwest. St. Petersburg, 1885
- European Jewish Cemeteries Initiative. Osova Jewish Cemetery
Osova is a Jewish agricultural settlement of the Volyn province, Rivne district, Stydiny volost.
It was founded in 1836 on proprietary land.
In 1859, 466 Jews lived in Osova,
in 1885 - 712,
in 1898 - 577,
in 1921 - approx. 700 Jews.
The first settlers of Osova are 137 Jews from Brest-Litovsk (modern Brest), who bought the land from the local landowner.
In 1885, a prayer house and an inn acted in the settlement.
At the end of the 19th century, 2525 acres of land belonged to Jews, however, agriculture was not their main occupation. Most were engaged in cattle breeding, trading, and retreating crafts.
According to the Jewish Colonization Society, in 1898–99, 104 families were engaged in agriculture (out of 121), by 1909 their number decreased to 53 families (499 people).
The economic situation of the colonists remained extremely unstable.
In 1919, a pogrom occurred in the colony, 8 people died during which.
In the 1920s 3 synagogues and Jewish school acted in Osova.
In 1925, with the support of ORT, a Jewish agricultural cooperative was created.
In the 1920-30s there were branches of various Jewish parties and organizations.
It was founded in 1836 on proprietary land.
In 1859, 466 Jews lived in Osova,
in 1885 - 712,
in 1898 - 577,
in 1921 - approx. 700 Jews.
The first settlers of Osova are 137 Jews from Brest-Litovsk (modern Brest), who bought the land from the local landowner.
In 1885, a prayer house and an inn acted in the settlement.
At the end of the 19th century, 2525 acres of land belonged to Jews, however, agriculture was not their main occupation. Most were engaged in cattle breeding, trading, and retreating crafts.
According to the Jewish Colonization Society, in 1898–99, 104 families were engaged in agriculture (out of 121), by 1909 their number decreased to 53 families (499 people).
The economic situation of the colonists remained extremely unstable.
In 1919, a pogrom occurred in the colony, 8 people died during which.
In the 1920s 3 synagogues and Jewish school acted in Osova.
In 1925, with the support of ORT, a Jewish agricultural cooperative was created.
In the 1920-30s there were branches of various Jewish parties and organizations.
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| Jewish colony Osova on the two-verst map of Ukraine 1930 |
In July 1941, Osova was occupied by troops of the Wehrmacht. At the end of 1941, a ghetto was created. An underground group was organized in the ghetto.
In the summer of 1942, during the liquidation of the ghetto, part of the Jews (c. 700 people) fled; 300 Jews were shot near Kostopol.
Several dozen fled Jews organized a partisan detachment, led by Yitzhok Zakuska. Subsequently, the detachment joined the partisan compound “Death to fascism”.
Now - the village of Osova in Rivne (until 2020 Kostopol) district; Jews do not live here.
In the summer of 1942, during the liquidation of the ghetto, part of the Jews (c. 700 people) fled; 300 Jews were shot near Kostopol.
Several dozen fled Jews organized a partisan detachment, led by Yitzhok Zakuska. Subsequently, the detachment joined the partisan compound “Death to fascism”.
Now - the village of Osova in Rivne (until 2020 Kostopol) district; Jews do not live here.
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| Jewish cemetery in Osova, 2019 |
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| Holocaust memorial in the Jewish cemetery, 2019 |
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