Manevychi
Sources:
- Russian Jewish encyclopedia;
- Virtual Shtetl. Manevychi;
- Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Before and During the Holocaust, vol. 2, eds. Sh. Spector, G. Wigoder, New York 2001, p. 790.
- The All South-Western Territory: reference and address book of the Kyiv, Podolsk and Volyn provinces. Printing house L.M. Fish and P.E. Wolfson, 1913.
Photo:
- Viacheslav Galievskyi, Wikipedia. Залізничний вокзал
- Humus. Села и местечки Волынской губернии в 1917-1918 гг.
- Russian Jewish encyclopedia;
- Virtual Shtetl. Manevychi;
- Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Before and During the Holocaust, vol. 2, eds. Sh. Spector, G. Wigoder, New York 2001, p. 790.
- The All South-Western Territory: reference and address book of the Kyiv, Podolsk and Volyn provinces. Printing house L.M. Fish and P.E. Wolfson, 1913.
Photo:
- Viacheslav Galievskyi, Wikipedia. Залізничний вокзал
- Humus. Села и местечки Волынской губернии в 1917-1918 гг.
Urban -type settlement (since 1940), a former district center. It was founded in 1892 as a railway station in Lutsk district of the Volyn province. In 1919–39 - as part of Poland, in 1939–91 - the Ukrainian SSR.
At the beginning of the 20th century, approx. 30 Jewish families lived in Manevychi;
In 1921 - 462 Jews (56.8%).
The history of the community in Manevychi was the shortest of all the Jewish communities in Volhynia. The town itself only developed after 1892, when a new railway station was opened on the Kovel – Sarny line. The convenient connection promoted the development of the wood industry, especially sawmills. Many Jews arrived to the area to work in the production plants, while others found employment as sellers of finished products.
In 1913, the Jews belonged to the only pharmacy and only pharmation warehouse in Manevychi, a warehouse of kerosene, sawmill and 7 shops (including all 4 groceries).
In 1921, 462 Jews lived in the town, constituting 56.8% of its population. They were mainly Hasidim – followers of various dynasties, such as Karlin-Stolin, Berezne, and Stepan; accordingly, three different synagogues were erected in the town.
However, Zionism was starting to gain more and more popularity, with the most active organisations being the Hashomer Hatzair and the Betar youth movements.
Apart from working in the wood industry, many Jews started to offer services to the incoming throngs of vacationers, as in the interwar period Manevychi became a known summer resort.
At the beginning of the 20th century, approx. 30 Jewish families lived in Manevychi;
In 1921 - 462 Jews (56.8%).
The history of the community in Manevychi was the shortest of all the Jewish communities in Volhynia. The town itself only developed after 1892, when a new railway station was opened on the Kovel – Sarny line. The convenient connection promoted the development of the wood industry, especially sawmills. Many Jews arrived to the area to work in the production plants, while others found employment as sellers of finished products.
In 1913, the Jews belonged to the only pharmacy and only pharmation warehouse in Manevychi, a warehouse of kerosene, sawmill and 7 shops (including all 4 groceries).
In 1921, 462 Jews lived in the town, constituting 56.8% of its population. They were mainly Hasidim – followers of various dynasties, such as Karlin-Stolin, Berezne, and Stepan; accordingly, three different synagogues were erected in the town.
However, Zionism was starting to gain more and more popularity, with the most active organisations being the Hashomer Hatzair and the Betar youth movements.
Apart from working in the wood industry, many Jews started to offer services to the incoming throngs of vacationers, as in the interwar period Manevychi became a known summer resort.
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| Railway station in Manevychi, 1917 | Railway station in Manevychi, 2017 |
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| Manevychi in the 1913 directory. It can be seen that almost all shops in the village belonged to Jews |
Manevychi was seized by the Soviets in 1939. The Jewish population grew to 1,900 people as a result of the influx of refugees.
As soon as the German troops took over the village, a three-day pogrom was carried out by the Ukrainians. On 26 August 1941, it was followed by a mass murder of 375 Jewish men by German troops.
The Germans created a ghetto in the village, but the quarter was soon liquidated – apparently after only three days of its existence, on 5 September 1942.
A total of 1,500 people were murdered during the liquidation action. Most of the victims were shot in the forests near the village of Cherevaha. Ca. 200 Jews managed to escape; some joined the partisans.
As soon as the German troops took over the village, a three-day pogrom was carried out by the Ukrainians. On 26 August 1941, it was followed by a mass murder of 375 Jewish men by German troops.
The Germans created a ghetto in the village, but the quarter was soon liquidated – apparently after only three days of its existence, on 5 September 1942.
A total of 1,500 people were murdered during the liquidation action. Most of the victims were shot in the forests near the village of Cherevaha. Ca. 200 Jews managed to escape; some joined the partisans.
Kamin-Kashyrskyy district, Volyn region
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