Ozerna
Ternopil district, Ternopil region
Sources:
- European Jewish Cemeteries Initiative. Ozerna Jewish Cemetery
- Jewish encyclopedia of Brockhaus & Efron
- Russian Jewish encyclopedia
- GetArchive LLC. Jewish cemetery in Ozerna
- European Jewish Cemeteries Initiative. Ozerna Jewish Cemetery
- Jewish encyclopedia of Brockhaus & Efron
- Russian Jewish encyclopedia
- GetArchive LLC. Jewish cemetery in Ozerna
Ozerna (ukr. Озерна), the village in Ternopil region. In the 19th - early 20th centuries - in the province of Galicia in Austria-Hungary. In 1919–39 - as part of Poland, in 1939–91 - the Ukrainian SSR.
According the “Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Before and After Holocaust”, permanent Jewish settlement in Ozerna began to develop in the seconf half of 19th century. At that period a Jew named Mandel Jampoler purchased an estate from Count Lubomirski and employed other Jews for work at the flour mill, distillery, and other crafts.
However, the epigraphic data clearly show that in 1851 the Jewish cemetery already existed, which means that the Jewish community emerged before that date.
Jews owned flaxseed oil and cereal factories, and textile dyeing workshops.
According to the Pinkas kehillot, in the 1870s, the great synagogue of Ozerna was constructed by the Jewish architects. These architects also built two churches in the town.
In 1880, 955 Jews lived there.
In the late 19th century, a school was opened with the support of Baron Hirsh.
The peak of the Jewish population of 1,095 people (18,7% of the total population) was in 1900, and it dropped to 700 (11,6% of the total population) in 1931.
In 1916, when the Russian army was retreating, many Jewish houses and a synagogue were set on fire.
In the 1930s, Cooperative Folk Bank was established to support tradesmen and artisans.
In 1922–39, many Jews emigrated to the U.S., Canada, and Latin American.
On July 3, 1941, the Wermacht troops entered the town, 180 Jews were executed.
In October 1941, a labour camp was established.
In August and October 1942, the Jews were deported to the Belzec death camp and Zboriv ghetto.
On July 23, 1943, the labour camp was liquidated, 260 Jews were murdered.
According the “Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Before and After Holocaust”, permanent Jewish settlement in Ozerna began to develop in the seconf half of 19th century. At that period a Jew named Mandel Jampoler purchased an estate from Count Lubomirski and employed other Jews for work at the flour mill, distillery, and other crafts.
However, the epigraphic data clearly show that in 1851 the Jewish cemetery already existed, which means that the Jewish community emerged before that date.
Jews owned flaxseed oil and cereal factories, and textile dyeing workshops.
According to the Pinkas kehillot, in the 1870s, the great synagogue of Ozerna was constructed by the Jewish architects. These architects also built two churches in the town.
In 1880, 955 Jews lived there.
In the late 19th century, a school was opened with the support of Baron Hirsh.
The peak of the Jewish population of 1,095 people (18,7% of the total population) was in 1900, and it dropped to 700 (11,6% of the total population) in 1931.
In 1916, when the Russian army was retreating, many Jewish houses and a synagogue were set on fire.
In the 1930s, Cooperative Folk Bank was established to support tradesmen and artisans.
In 1922–39, many Jews emigrated to the U.S., Canada, and Latin American.
On July 3, 1941, the Wermacht troops entered the town, 180 Jews were executed.
In October 1941, a labour camp was established.
In August and October 1942, the Jews were deported to the Belzec death camp and Zboriv ghetto.
On July 23, 1943, the labour camp was liquidated, 260 Jews were murdered.
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| Jewish cemetery in Ozerna, 1916 | ||
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| Jewish cemetery, 2019. Tombstone of 1851 | Synagogue in Ozerna, 1st half of 20 century |
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