Lanivtsi

Kremenets district, Ternopil region

Sources:
- Jewish encyclopedia of Brockhaus & Efron
- Russian Jewish encyclopedia

Photo:
- Hryhoriy Arshynov, European Jewish Cemeteries Initiative. Lanivtsi New Jewish Cemetery
- Boris Khaimovich, The Center for Jewish Art. Lanivtsi

Ternopil region - list of settlements and location of objects

Lanivtsi, 2023


In place of the old cemetery - residential development, in the garden there are fragments of mazevot, 2019	New Jewish cemetery, 2019	Memorial to the victims of the Holocaust on the cemetery, 1999

Lanivtsi (ukr. Ланівці) - town, untill 2013 district center in the Ternopol region. Founded in 1444.
In the 16-18 centuries - part of the Commonwealth. Since 1793 - as part of the Russian Empire. In 19 - beginning 20th century - township of the Kremenetsky district of the Volyn province.
In 1919–39 - as part of Poland, in 1939–91 - USSR.

In 1847, 523 Jews lived in Lanivtsi,
in 1870 - 287 (46%),
in 1897 - 1174 (46%),
in 1921 - 649 (30%) ,
in 1937 - 760,
in 1942 - 1833 Jews.

Jews lived in Lanivtsi since end 16th century. The community is first mentioned in 1767.
The main spheres of economic activity of the Jews of Lanivtsi in 18 - beginning 20th century - trade (in the main of agricultural products, including tobacco), crafts; some were engaged in agriculture.

In 1867, the synagogue acted in Lanivtsi.

In 1905, a Jewish pogrom occurred.

In 1914, the Jews belonged to the pharmacy, the entire trade of ironed and leather goods, bread and grain, the only mill and a forest warehouse in the town.

3 synagogues acted. From the end of the 19th century rabbi was Aron Rabin, since the 1920s, at the same time, Goltshager (both died during the Shoa).

In 1917, active Zionist activity began in Lanivtsi. There were branches of the parties of common Zionists, revisionists, mizrahi, the movements of Beytar, “Ga-Khaluts”, “Ga-shomer Ga-Tsair”.

In the 1920s. yeshiva, a school of the Tarbut network, in which there was a library (about 10 thousand volumes) were opened in Lanivtsi.
The amateur drama theater worked.

July 3, 1941 Lanivtsi occupied troops of the Wehrmacht. Immediately after the occupation, 60 Jews were killed in Lanivtsi. Later, Judenrat and the Jewish police were established.
In February 1942, a ghetto was created in which, in addition to the Jews of Lanivtsi, there were Jews from Belozirka and other settlements.
Aug 2, 1942 ghetto was eliminated; during the liquidation, 1833 people were shot.

In 2003, Lanivtsi had a Jewish population.

In Lanivtsi was born Sergey (Israel) Zinberg - author of the first history of Jewish literature in Yiddish, one of the authors of the "Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron".
In 1923, Zinberg was appointed deputy chairman of the Jewish Historical and Ethnographic Society, and since 1927 he was his chairman.

In December 1938, the NKVD arrested S. Zinberg. The scientist was sentenced to eight years of camps and sent to serve the deadline for the Far East. In the same year, December 28, he died in the Vladivostok transit camp.